Pratima Harigunani
Quantum Computing's big-bangs yog txhais ua lus ntxhi tshiab hauv Blockchain ntiaj teb. Cia peb tshawb xyuas yog tias cov thooj voos kheej kheej yog tib yam uas Blockchain attackers xav tau txhua lub sijhawm no los tsoo rau lub zog thiab cov leeg ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no.
Kev Ua lej - yog ib lo lus teb rau txhua tus neeg uas nug yog vim li cas qhov hashing thiab mining ntawm cryptocurrency tau ua yuam kev-, kev sib tsoo- thiab kev tawm tsam-pov thawj. Satoshi's block system hinges nkaus xwb nyob rau ntawm lub sijhawm loj ntawm lub sijhawm, qhov nyuaj hauv qab thiab qhov hnyav ntawm kev siv zog uas ib tus yuav xav tau los ua qhov chaw ntawm no. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev suav lub zog uas yuav tsum tau ua kom plam mus rau hauv lub kaw lus kaw dej no - lwm qhov kev cuam tshuam tau ua rau muaj kev nkag siab tob hauv cov saw hlau.
Tab sis 2019 hloov qhov ntawd lossis hem rau, tsawg kawg. Ib yam li Moore txoj cai lij choj tau ntsib qhov tseeb ntawm nti geometries shrinking, lub zog hauv kev tsim ntawm thawj tiam Blockchain systems yuav tsum tau ua raws li lawv cov khoom. Quantum Computers tau los ua Graphene lub sijhawm rau Crypto xyoo tas los. Raws li Google thiab IBM pib jostling rau 'Numero Uno' plank nyob rau hauv kev sib tw ntawm Quantum Computing (QC), ib tug spill-over tau ua txhua yam tshwm sim rau blockchain players.
Peb puas tuaj yeem xav tias lub tsheb loj loj thaum kawg tuaj txog ntawm no - muaj peev xwm ua rau txhua qhov nyuaj thiab cov peev txheej-phab ntsa uas Blockchain vam meej? Tom qab tag nrho, quantum computers yuav tsum yog quantum. Lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis kawg mais ntawm kev suav cov teeb meem zoo li cov qos yaj ywm chips uas ploj mus hauv lub qhov ncauj loj.
T-Rex los yog I-Rex? Silicon los yog Germanium?
Gautam Kapoor, Tus khub, Deloitte Is Nrias teb nyiam kom tsis txhob muab Quantum Computing rau hauv lub thawv ntawm qhov zoo-qhov phem tsis tau. Txawm hais tias nws avers tias tam sim no Quantum computers tsim los rau lub hom phiaj ntawd, cov txheej txheem encryption classic, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas cia siab rau qhov teeb meem ntawm lej tsis yooj yim, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg yooj yim. "Quantum computers ntawm 4000 Qubits yuav muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov ntawd los ntawm 2023."
Vidit Baxi, Co-founder, Lucideus ntaus nqi ntawm qhov zoo ntawm QC ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm ntau lub xeev tsis yog 0 lossis 1 lub xeev pom txog tam sim no. "Qhov sib txawv muaj ntau lub xeev tib lub sijhawm thiab yog li tus naj npawb ntawm cov haujlwm ua tiav nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug yog exponentially siab dua li ib lub computer ib txwm." Xav txog yuav ua li cas asymmetric algorithms nyuaj heev, raws li nws siv astronomically-loj tus lej ntawm kev suav los ua tus lej. Tej yam yuav hloov nrog qhov nyiam ntawm quantum computer algorithm.
Shor's algorithm yog ib rooj plaub hauv taw tes, Baxi vim li cas. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav cov lej me me hauv cov sijhawm sau tseg (siv 5-15 QBits). Qhov tseeb, txawm tias nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav, yog tias peb muaj peev xwm khiav Shor's Algorithm ntawm Quantum Computer nrog ntau lab qubits, uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws yooj yim heev los rhuav tshem feem ntau ntawm asymmetrical algorithms. Baxi hais lo lus dreaded. "Feem ntau cryptocurrencies, ib yam nkaus, yuav tsum tsis muaj nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no."
Tseem muaj sij hawm, me nyuam
Andrew Myers, xibfwb hauv Computer Science Department, Cornell University, tsis cia siab tias Quantum Computing nyob rau lub sijhawm luv yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau rau kev lag luam blockchain. "Quantum Computing tuaj yeem siv los rhuav tshem kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov blockchains tam sim no zoo li Bitcoin, tab sis nws yuav siv lub computer loj dua li tam sim no. Nws yuav muaj tsawg kawg yog 10 xyoo thiab tej zaum ntau dua ua ntej tsim lub khoos phis tawj no ua tau. "
Ib yam li Kapoor xav tias cov khoos phis tawj loj no yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los rhuav tshem kev encryption. Meanwhile, kev lag luam yuav tsum tau tibneeg hu tauj coob tsim quantum-resistant cryptography thiab quantum key faib. Raws li Baxi hais, cov hnub nyoog tshiab Lattice-based crypto algorithms tab tom ua tiav thiab lawv yuav tsis nyob ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov lej sib npaug. Lawv tuaj yeem dhau los ua quantum suav-pov thawj rau qhov loj.
Xwb, IBM kuj tseem muaj qee yam zoo sib xws thaum nws tawm tsam Google cov lus thov ntawm Quantum Supremacy. IBM txoj kev tshawb fawb xav-tank coj peb rov qab los ntawm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lo lus 'quantum supremacy' - lub ntsiab lus uas quantum computers tuaj yeem ua tej yam uas classical computers ua tsis tau. Qhov chaw pib no, lawv tuav, tsis tau ntsib. IBM pab neeg qhuas Google, tab sis nrog me ntsis ntsev thiab kua txob. “Google qhov kev sim yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev nce qib hauv superconducting-based quantum xam; qhia txog lub xeev-ntawm-lub-kos duab qhov rooj fidelities ntawm ib tug 53-qubit ntaus ntawv, tab sis nws yuav tsum tsis txhob raug saib raws li pov thawj hais tias quantum computers yog "zoo tshaj" tshaj classical computers.
Saddle Up
Muaj lub qab ntug ntev kom ceev faj thiab npaj txhij rau- txawm li cas los xij. Xib fwb Myers sib cav hais tias tam sim no blockchains yog - nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev - yooj yim vim hais tias lawv cia siab rau Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC) kom cov neeg siv los ua pov thawj lawv yog leej twg. "Blockchains thaum kawg yuav hloov mus rau lattice-based cryptography rau txoj haujlwm no vim hais tias txawm hais tias lattice-based cryptography yog kim dua, quantum suav tsis tuaj yeem tawg nws."
Yog li tus tsiaj loj tseem yuav yog hav zoov deb tab sis yog tias peb tuaj yeem hnov nws lub trumpet lawm, nws yog qhov zoo dua los npaj. Peb tsis paub ob qhov tseeb txog ntxhw? Ua ntej, lawv yuav dhia tsis tau, tab sis lawv ua luam dej zoo nkauj. Qhov thib ob, tus menyuam tuaj yeem sawv ntsug sai tom qab yug menyuam!
Yuav ua li cas 'luv luv' lub sij hawm no, cia peb tsis pom txoj kev nyuaj.
